NELMDL: Difference between revisions
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{{TAGDEF|NELMDL|[integer]}} | {{TAGDEF|NELMDL|[integer]}} | ||
{{DEF|NELMDL|-12|if {{TAG|ISTART}}{{=}}0, {{TAG|INIWAV}}{{=}}1, and {{TAG|IALGO}}{{=}}48 or {{TAG|IALGO}}{{=}}50|-5| else}} | {{DEF|NELMDL|-12|if {{TAG|ISTART}}{{=}}0, {{TAG|INIWAV}}{{=}}1, and {{TAG|IALGO}}{{=}}48 or {{TAG|IALGO}}{{=}}50|0|if {{TAG|WAVECAR}} is present|-5| else}} | ||
Description: {{TAG|NELMDL}} specifies the number of non- | Description: {{TAG|NELMDL}} specifies the number of non-self-consistent steps at the beginning. | ||
---- | ---- | ||
If the orbitals are initialized using a random number generator (the default in VASP), the initial orbitals are usually unreasonable and the iterative matrix diagonalization will | If the orbitals are initialized using a random number generator (the default in VASP), the initial orbitals are usually unreasonable and the iterative matrix diagonalization will require 5-10 steps to obtain reasonable orbitals. The charge density corresponding to the initial orbitals is also, at best, erratic. It is hence advisable to perform a few electronic steps while keeping the initial Hamiltonian fixed. This initial Hamiltonian is usually determined from a superposition of atomic charge densities (see {{TAG|ICHARG}}). | ||
Such a 'delay' is absolutely necessary | Such a 'delay' is absolutely necessary if the SCF-convergence is slow and problematic (e.g. for surfaces or metallic clusters, low dimensional system). Without a delay, VASP will most likely not converge, or at least the convergence speed is slowed significantly. | ||
{{TAG|NELMDL}} might be set to a positive or negative value. A negative value means that the delay is only performed in the first ionic step (usually the recommended option). A positive number means that a delay is employed after each ionic movement. This can improve the convergence speed in VASP.6 (see below) | {{TAG|NELMDL}} might be set to a positive or negative value. A negative value means that the delay is only performed in the first ionic step (usually the recommended option). A positive number means that a delay is employed after each ionic movement. This can improve the convergence speed in VASP.6 (see below) but is not recommended in VASP.5. | ||
For calculations using a direct minimization of the Hamiltonian ({{TAG|ALGO}}=ALL or {{TAG|ALGO}}=DAMPED), the Davidson algorithm is used during the delay phase and the Hamiltonian is kept fixed during these steps. | For calculations using a direct minimization of the Hamiltonian ({{TAG|ALGO}}=ALL or {{TAG|ALGO}}=DAMPED), the Davidson algorithm is used during the delay phase and the Hamiltonian is kept fixed during these steps. | ||
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Special considerations for VASP.6: | Special considerations for VASP.6: | ||
* For calculations using a direct minimization of the Hamiltonian ({{TAG|ALGO}}=ALL or {{TAG|ALGO}}=DAMPED): if {{TAG|NELMDL}} is set, the Davidson algorithm is used in the first {{TAG|NELMDL}} steps as described above. Using a positive {{TAG|NELMDL}} (i.e. delay in every ionic step) | * For calculations using a direct minimization of the Hamiltonian ({{TAG|ALGO}}=ALL or {{TAG|ALGO}}=DAMPED): if {{TAG|NELMDL}} is set, the Davidson algorithm is used in the first {{TAG|NELMDL}} steps as described above. Using a positive {{TAG|NELMDL}} (i.e. delay in every ionic step) does not work reliably in VASP.5, due to issues in the orbital and charge density prediction. In VASP.6, using {{TAG|NELMDL}}=1 (or {{TAG|NELMDL}}=2) and direct minimization often improves the stability and efficiency of molecular dynamics simulations or relaxations ({{TAG|ALGO}}=ALL or {{TAG|ALGO}}=DAMPED). Note, however, that this might require one to prepare a reasonable {{TAG|WAVECAR}} file since {{TAG|NELMDL}} =1/2 might not suffice to obtain a reasonable set of orbitals from the initial random numbers. | ||
* For HF-type calculations, if {{TAG|NELMDL}} is larger or equal 3, VASP will perform {{TAG|NELMDL}} non-selfconsistent steps using the Davidson algorithm and a local Hamiltonian is calculated using the | * For HF-type calculations, if {{TAG|NELMDL}} is larger or equal to 3, VASP will perform {{TAG|NELMDL}} non-selfconsistent steps using the Davidson algorithm, and a local Hamiltonian is calculated using the semi-local DFT functional corresponding to the chosen hybrid functional (i.e. PBE for HSE and PBE0). This is expedient if the ions move by a large distance between the ionic steps. Setting {{TAG|NELMDL}} =3 can thus improve the stability and performance during relaxations using HF-type Hamiltonians. Try to use {{TAG|ALGO}}=All and {{TAG|NELMDL}}=3 if you encounter convergence issues during relaxations using HF-type Hamiltonians. | ||
== Related | == Related tags and articles == | ||
{{TAG|NELM}}, | {{TAG|NELM}}, | ||
{{TAG|NELMIN}} | {{TAG|NELMIN}}, | ||
{{TAG|IALGO}} | {{TAG|IALGO}} | ||
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---- | ---- | ||
[[Category:INCAR]][[Category:Electronic | [[Category:INCAR tag]][[Category:Electronic minimization]] | ||
Latest revision as of 13:44, 27 November 2023
NELMDL = [integer]
| Default: NELMDL | = -12 | if ISTART=0, INIWAV=1, and IALGO=48 or IALGO=50 |
| = 0 | if WAVECAR is present | |
| = -5 | else |
Description: NELMDL specifies the number of non-self-consistent steps at the beginning.
If the orbitals are initialized using a random number generator (the default in VASP), the initial orbitals are usually unreasonable and the iterative matrix diagonalization will require 5-10 steps to obtain reasonable orbitals. The charge density corresponding to the initial orbitals is also, at best, erratic. It is hence advisable to perform a few electronic steps while keeping the initial Hamiltonian fixed. This initial Hamiltonian is usually determined from a superposition of atomic charge densities (see ICHARG).
Such a 'delay' is absolutely necessary if the SCF-convergence is slow and problematic (e.g. for surfaces or metallic clusters, low dimensional system). Without a delay, VASP will most likely not converge, or at least the convergence speed is slowed significantly.
NELMDL might be set to a positive or negative value. A negative value means that the delay is only performed in the first ionic step (usually the recommended option). A positive number means that a delay is employed after each ionic movement. This can improve the convergence speed in VASP.6 (see below) but is not recommended in VASP.5.
For calculations using a direct minimization of the Hamiltonian (ALGO=ALL or ALGO=DAMPED), the Davidson algorithm is used during the delay phase and the Hamiltonian is kept fixed during these steps.
Special considerations for VASP.6:
- For calculations using a direct minimization of the Hamiltonian (ALGO=ALL or ALGO=DAMPED): if NELMDL is set, the Davidson algorithm is used in the first NELMDL steps as described above. Using a positive NELMDL (i.e. delay in every ionic step) does not work reliably in VASP.5, due to issues in the orbital and charge density prediction. In VASP.6, using NELMDL=1 (or NELMDL=2) and direct minimization often improves the stability and efficiency of molecular dynamics simulations or relaxations (ALGO=ALL or ALGO=DAMPED). Note, however, that this might require one to prepare a reasonable WAVECAR file since NELMDL =1/2 might not suffice to obtain a reasonable set of orbitals from the initial random numbers.
- For HF-type calculations, if NELMDL is larger or equal to 3, VASP will perform NELMDL non-selfconsistent steps using the Davidson algorithm, and a local Hamiltonian is calculated using the semi-local DFT functional corresponding to the chosen hybrid functional (i.e. PBE for HSE and PBE0). This is expedient if the ions move by a large distance between the ionic steps. Setting NELMDL =3 can thus improve the stability and performance during relaxations using HF-type Hamiltonians. Try to use ALGO=All and NELMDL=3 if you encounter convergence issues during relaxations using HF-type Hamiltonians.